| Artists
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Kirsten
Petersen
© 2008
All Rights Reserved
onstamps@yahoo.dk |
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Taeuber-Arp,
Sophie (1889-1943). Swiss artist - one of the
earliest painters of geometric abstractions. She was born in Davos,
Switzerland. From 1908-10 she attended the School of Applied Arts
in St. Gallen, afterwards she studied at the experimental art
school in Munich "Lehr- und Versuch-Atelier für Angewandte
und Freie Kunst" founded in 1902 by Wilhelm von Debschitz and
Hermann Obrist, in 1912 she interrupted her studies and entered
the School of Applied Art in Hamburg. From 1916-29 she taught
textile design at the school of applied arts in Zurich, and
started her own artistic career in 1916. Between 1916 and 1919 she
was active in Zurich's dada group. In 1921 she married the French
sculptor, painter, and poet the Dadaist Hans/Jean
Arp with whom she collaborated on many artistic projects. Constantly
exploring different media and techniques, she also produced innovative
theatrical designs, embroideries, weavings and sculptures.
In 1926 she got commission to design
the interior
of Strasbourg's Café de l'Aubette, a task she shared with Hans
Arp and Theo van Doesburg. In 1928 she moved to Meudon near Paris
with Hans Arp, this marked the beginning of the most productive
period in her life. In 1940 she was forced to flee to the South of
France when the Nazis invaded Paris. In 1942 she returned to
Zurich. |
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Thorvaldsen,
Bertel (Albert/Alberto)
(1770-1844). Danish
international sculptor. Born in Copenhagen as the son of the Icelandic
woodcarver Gotskalk Thorvaldsen and Karen Dagnes.
From 1781-83
he was apprenticed under
Johannes
Wiedewelt and N. A.
Abildgaard at The
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Art in Copenhagen. In 1789 he won
the Major Silver Medal and in 1793 the Major Gold
Medal.
In 1796 he was awarded the Academy's major traveling scholarship
to Italy. On the 8th March 1797 he arrived in Rome, a
date that he celebrated as his
Roman birthday. He resided in Rome from
1797-1838 - in this period he went on trips to Denmark
and Munich. During his stay in Rome his mistress
Anna Maria Magnani gave birth to two children Carlo
Alberto and Elisa. In 1805 he was appointed professor
at the Royal Danish Academy, in the period 1822-33 he
was director at The Academy, and in 1808 he was
appointed professor at the Accademia di San Luca in
Rome, and its president from 1825-28. |
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In Rome he executed statues e.g. "Venus",
"Ganymedes with Jupiter's Eagle", "Amor
and Psyche", the reliefs "Day" and
"Night" and the statue "Jason with
the Golden Fleece", 1803, commissioned by the
English art collector Thomas Hope - in 1917 bought by
Thorvaldsens Museum in Copenhagen. The Jason-statue
was influenced by the antique Apollo Belvedere (Museo
Pio-Clementino/ Musei di Scultura, the first of the Vatican Museums),
the statue gave
Thorvaldsen an
international
reputation and
together with
Antonio Canova, he
was considered the
greatest sculptor
of Neo Classicism.
Thorvaldsen's
workshop became a
rendezvous for the
Italian and Danish
artists e.g. H. E.
Freund and H.V.
Bissen.
In 1812 he made a
relief of
Alexander the
Great’s
Triumphal Entry
into Babylon for a
room in the
Palazzo del
Quirinale, that
was being
decorated for
Napoleon I's
arrival in Rome.
From 1820-21 he did series of sketches for the Christ figure and the
Twelve Apostles to Our Lady's Church in Copenhagen. In Rome he developed
a great production e.g. the equestrian statues of Poniatowski
and Maximilian I, sepulchral monument to Pope Pius 7, and the figures
for Our Lady's Church in Copenhagen. In 1839 Thorvaldsen returned to Copenhagen, he donated his works
and art collection to his the city of Copenhagen. The
Danish painter Joergen Sonne had depicted the return of Thorvaldsen in
the frieze on the wall of Thorvaldsens Museum. Thorvaldsen died during a
theatrical performance at The Royal Danish Theatre and was buried in the
courtyard of his Museum. (Neo
Classicism)
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"Jason
with the Golden Fleece", 1803 |
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Eckersberg's
portrait
of Thorvaldsen, 1814.
Photos: Kirsten Petersen
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Bertel
Thorvaldsen |
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Bertel
Thorvaldsen by the German sculptor Christian Daniel
Rauch.
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Rafael |
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| 1. |
C.W.
Eckersberg |
| 2. |
Ganymedes |
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Ganymedes
with Jupiter's Eagle |
| 5. |
Ganymedes
with Jupiter's Eagle, on the plinth
the relief "Cupid sitting on
the lion's back" |
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Our Lady's Church
Copenhagen
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| 1. |
"Figure of Christ",
1821, in Our Lady's Church Copenhagen
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Angel
of Baptism, Our Lady's Church
Copenhagen |
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Apostle
statue, Andrew, Our Lady's Church Copenhagen |
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Apostle
statue, Bartholomew, Our Lady's Church Copenhagen
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Apostle
statue, Petrus, Our Lady's Church Copenhagen |
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Apostle
statue, John, Our Lady's Church Copenhagen |
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Saint
John the Baptist |
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| 1. |
The
triumphant Cupid |
| 2. |
Mars
and Cupid |
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Venus,
the goddess of love and of feminine
beauty |
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Vulcan,
god of fire and volcanoes |
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Goddess
of Hope |
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Bertel
Thorvaldsen leaning on the statue of "Hope" |
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Equestrian statue
of Elector Maximilian
I for Munich, 1833-35 |
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Friedrich
Schiller, 1836 |
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The
Three Graces and Cupid, 1821 |
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The
Swiss Lion, 1819 |
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The
Divine Strength, Pope
Pius VII, The Heavenly Wisdom |
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The
astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus, 1822
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Medallion
Representing Day |
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Medallion
Representing Night |
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Interior
Thorvaldsens Museum by Georg
Seligman, 1903 |
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Motif
from the ceiling in Thorvaldsens
Museum |
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S
o n n e 's f r i e z e |
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Thorvaldsen's
homecoming to Copenhagen, after
working 41 years in Rome. The frieze
was executed by Joergen Sonne, 1838. |
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Tiepolo,
Giovanni Battista/Giambattista/Jean-Baptiste (born
1696 in Venice - died 1770 in Madrid). Italian late Baroque
painter and draftsman, in addition to frescoes he produced a large
number of oil sketches, drawings, and etchings, as well as several
altarpieces for Venetian churches. He was a master of the illusory
and the theatrically, grand gestures and vivid
colors.
Tiepolo was educated in Venice, he
was apprenticed to Gregorio
Lazzarini and influenced by Sebastiano Ricci, Piazzetta, Bencovich and he rediscovered Paolo
Veronese the Italian Renaissance painter, a great master of
the Venetian school of painting |
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The
Emperor's Hall, Würzburg Residence",
1750-53 |
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"Sarah
and the Angel", 1727, Patriarchal Palace in
Udine, Italy |
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(usually
characterized by their soft play of light and color). In
1719 he married Cecilia, the sister of Francesco Guardi, she
gave birth to nine children, the
two of them Giovanni Domenico
and Lorenzo became painters and their father's, the elder Tiepolo's,
chief assistants. Early Tiepolo had executed commissions for
the Doge and other families in Venice. In 1726 he worked for
the archbishop of Udine and the following years for noble
families of Milan, Bergamo
and Verona.
After 1750 he worked outside Italy for the first time. From
1751-53 he painted his famous frescoes in the Würzburg
Residence in Germany
- a Baroque palace.
At the end of World War II, the Residence was partly
wrecked by bombs, the ceilings did survive.
In 1755 he became president for Accademia Veneziane de Pittura. In 1762
he became court painter of Charles III (1762-70) - he
was followed by his sons, and they executed a series of ceiling frescoes and altarpieces
in the royal palace in Madrid. In 1768 he was appointed professor
of anatomy at Accademia di San
Fernando, he suddenly died after he had received an order for a great
fresco decoration.
Many of Tiepolo's most famous works are now in Madrid and
Würzburg, but only Udine can claim that the extraordinary
clarity and brilliance of his colors may have been something
he first saw in the mountains of this almost unknown town. (Baroque)
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Tivoli
in Copenhagen, amusement park. Founded by the
journalist Georg
Carstensen (1812-57), who applied to King Christian 8. for permission
to establish and run the park. Tivoli opened its door to the
public in 1843. The park was named after the Italian town Tivoli.
The Pantomime Theatre in Tivoli was build in 1874 by
the architect Jens Vilhelm Dahlerup (1836-1907). The
peacock curtain was the idea of the managing director for Tivoli
Bernhard Olsen - in Paris he had seen a similar curtain. The
theatre is Tivoli's eldest building and became listed.
The Chinese Tower was build in 1900 by the architect Knud
Arne Petersen.
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"Sacred
and Profane Love",
1514, Galleria Borghese, Rome, Italy |
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Tizian/Titian
(Tiziano Vecellio/Vecelli or Tiziano Vecellio/Vecelli Di Gregorio)
(by his own account born in 1477, probably later according to art
historians research, c.1488/90, in Pieve di
Cadore - died 1576 in Venice). Italian painter. Also called "Da
Cadore" after his native town or "Il Divino" (The Divine).
Tizian was son of a councillor and soldier Gregorio Vecelli and Lucia
Vecelli.
Together with his elder brother and at the age of 10 Tizian went
to study painting in Venice, he was
probably apprenticed to the
painter and mosaic artist |
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Sebastiano
Zuccato. He left Zuccato to studying painting in the
workshops of the Bellini brothers, Giovanni and Gentile. In
1507-10 he was an assistant in the workshop of Giorgione -
there had been raised doubts about whether some paintings
could be ascribed to Tizian or Giorgione or had been a
collaboration between the two e.g. Tizian's "Concert
Champêtre", c.1510, Louvre, Paris. In 1510 he received
the commission to produce frescoes in the Scuola del Santo
in Padua, and in 1513 he established himself as a painter in
Venice. In 1516 he was commissioned to paint an altarpiece
in the church of Santa María Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice,
the "Assumption of the Virgin", 1516-1518. Later
he was commissioned by the Duke of Ferrara Alfonso d'Este to
produce three mythological paintings "The Worship of
Venus", 1518, "Bacchus and Ariadne" c.1522
and "Bacchanal of the Andrians" c.1525.
In the following years Tizian painted the altarpieces "Pesaro
Altarpiece", 1519-1526 and "Madonna in Glory with
the Christ Child and Saints Francis and Alvise with the
Donor Alvise Gozzi", 1520, Museo Civico, Ancona, Italy.
In 1533 he was called to the court of Charles V, where he
was appointed a court painter, he painted several portraits
of Charles V. In 1538 Tizian painted "Venus of Urbino",
one of the numerous paintings of a female nude depicting his
ideal of female beauty.
In the 1540s his work became more heavily influenced by the
Mannerism of central and north Italy. In 1550 he was in
Augsburg to paint portraits of Emperor Charles V's son, who
was to become Phillip II of Spain and an important later
patron of Tizian. In the 1520s and 1540s he created his best
portraits. (Renaissance) |
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"Venus
Anadyomene", c.1520, National Gallery of
Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland |
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"Flora",
print. c.1515-1520. The oil on canvas
painting, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Italy |
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"S.
Domenico di Guzmàn"
(1170-1221), patron saint of the Dominican Republic
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Toulouse-Lautrec,
Henri de
(1864-1901). French poster artist, painter and graphics artist.
He was born in Albi in the South of France. His father count Alphonse-Charles
de Toulouse
was an excentric person, his mother a considerate person to her
only child, who often was sick and weak. Early in life Toulouse-Lautrec
began painting and drawing, and he took art lessons from Rene
Princeteau. Before his was full-grown he
broke both of his legs, the fractures did not healed as
normal, and the growth of his legs stopped, his handicap -
abnormal short legs, a trunk of normal size, came to
define his life, he lived his dreams through his art, and he
became an alcoholic, presumably to forget, that his handicap
prevented him from living a normal life, and the fact that
people around him made fun of his physical appearance. In
1882 he went to Paris, where he studied under the academic
painter Fernand Cormon in his studio at Montmartre, the
quarter with cabarets and bohemian life. In Paris he met the
artists Emil Bernard and van
Gogh, and became fascinated by the Impressionists e.g. Degas
and Japanese woodcuts. After finishing his degree, he lived
a bohemian life, and spent most of his time boozing
and creating rough sketches in the cabarets, at the
racing tracks and in the brothels. He became famous as the
bohemian artist of the Moulin Rouge in "La Belle
Époque". He is best known for his Moulin Rouge
lithographs/posters of the dancers Jane Avril and Louise
Weber and the singer Aristide Bruant. Moulin Rouge, the Red
Mill, was the landmark and symbol for joie de vivre in Paris
at that time, it was a theatre and a concert- and dancehall
- Toulouse-Lautrec sat at a the same table every night
drinking and drawing.
Within poster art Toulouse-Lautrec created a simple idiom
including psychological insight, a new way of expression,
and he got great influence on poster artists. His fame grew and with it
his abuse of alcohol, however drinking never affected his work,
but it impaired his health - he died at the family estate in Malromé. (Postimpressionism,
Jugendstyle) |
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"Aristide
Bruant at Ambassadeurs", 1892. The poster
advertised for the debut of the singer Aristide Bruant
at Ambassadeurs, Champs-Elysées, Paris |
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"Moulin
Rouge",
the Red Mill, Montmartre, Paris, where Toulouse-Lautrec
made lots of drawings and sketches for his paintings.
Photo: Kirsten Petersen |
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"The
English waitress"
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Trampedach,
Kurt (1943). Danish
artist - especially known for his portraits and hyperrealistic sculptures.
In 1964 he was educated as house painter. From 1963-69 he studied
under
Dan Sterup-Hansen and Soeren Hjort Nielsen at The
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. He exhibited for the first time
in 1964 at The
Autumn Exhibition for Painters in Copenhagen. In 1969 he was
awarded a three-year grant from the Danish State Arts Foundation and Her
Royal Majesty Queen Ingrid's Roman Foundation. From 1969-94 he was
member of the artist union Decembristerne
(the name refers to December, the groups yearly exhibitions were always
held in the Christmas month). In the period 1983-90 he lived in New
York. In 1983 he received the Eckersberg
Medal. In 1997 he painted a double portrait of Prince Joachim and
Princess Alexandra, a wedding present to the royal couple from
Trampedach's native town Hilleroed in North Zealand, the portrait hangs
at the Museum of National History at Frederiksborg
Castle in Hilleroed. In 1979 he bought
a house in Sare in the French Basque Country (his studio had been set on
fire twice), and since 1993 he settled down permanently in France. Trampedach
suffers or has suffered from manic-depressive illness, his paintings are described as therapy-paintings with financial success, contrary to
the conventional wisdom of paintings created by a mentally ill
person, Trampedach's paintings never become clichés or private - his worrying, intense,
dark, dramatic, surreal, hyperrealistic paintings have evoked a meaningful
and powerful experience for the audience. |
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"Pegasus",
2000,
Danish
"Stamp Art". The motif is made for stamp, the
stamp itselves is the work of art. |
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Turner,
Joseph
Mallord William
(1775-1851). The British painter of light, the father of Impressionism -
atmospheric paintings - landscapes and seascapes.
He was born in London as son of a barber. In 1789, 14 years old,
he entered the Royal Academy Schools, and at the age
of 17 he made topographical drawings for magazines. He was
influenced by e.g. the Dutch painter Willem van der Velde. In 1790
and the following 10 years, he exhibited watercolous
at the Royal Academy, and he exhibited oil paintings from 1796.
In 1802 he went to Paris in France, where Lorrain
and Poussin
became important for his technique |
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and his choice of motifs.
Besides France he travelled in Scotland, Ireland,
Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and
Italy. In 1807 he became professor at the Royal
Academy. In 1840 he
met the critic John Ruskin, who became the great spokesman for his
works.
Turner bequeathed much of his works to his native country.
The majority of his works belong to Tate Britain in London. The
Clore Gallery for the Turner Collection at the Tate Gallery,
London, opened its doors to visitors in 1987. (Romanticism) |
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"Burial
at Sea", 1842, Clore Gallery for the Turner
Collection, London |
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"Snow
Storm, Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth",
1842, Tate Gallery, London
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