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Paladino,
Mimmo
(1948). Italian
multiartist. Born in Paduli near Benevento. From 1964-68 he
studied at Liceo Artistico di Benevento. In the 1970s
he developed the figurative imagery that later appeared in
his work. In 1976 he had his first solo exhibitions at the
galleries D’Arte Duemila, Bologna and Nuovi Strumenti,
Brescia. The following year he moved to Milan where he
mainly produced monochrome paintings. In 1980 he was
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Works exhibited
at the Biennale in Venice in 1980 and at Documenta in Kassel,
Germany, 1982 made him world-famous. During a longer stay in Brazil he became interested in the
synthesis of Catholicism and African culture. He was also
influenced by classical mythology, ancient Egyptian and
modern art. His work was characterized by human figures,
organic
and archaic geometrical forms. Paladino's work had
been shown in exhibitions all over the world. (Italian
Transavantgarde)
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Parmigianino/Girolamo
Francesco Maria Mazzola (1503-1540). Italian painter,
draughtsman, graphics artist and alchemist. His Mannerist paintings
are characterized by distortions, flopped limbs, small heads, aristocratic
grace and sfumato (Mona Lisa's smile
= sfumato).
Parmigianino was born in Parma into a family of artists. He died at the
age of 37 in Casalmaggiore.
His father and uncle taught him the elements of painting technique, and
just 16 years old, he completed an altarpiece in the local church. Presumably
Parmigianino was pupil/assistant of the Mannerist painter Correggio (c. 1489-1534),
certainly Parmigianino almost painted side by side with Correggio in S. Giovanni Evangelista in
Parma, where Parmigianino from 1522-23 executed frescos in the
church's chapels. In 1524 Parmigianino went to Rome, he showed his Self-portrait
in a Convex Mirror" (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien), to Pope Clement VII - and in Rome he experienced the works of
Raphael
and Michelangelo,
and influenced by their way of painting, his style became more grandiose
and more elegant/graceful. Parmigianino left Rome after Il Sacco di Roma (The Sack of
Rome) in 1527 and moved to Bologna. In 1531 he was back in Parma, where he
was commissioned to execute frescos for S. Maria delle Steccata, he did not complete the work, and he was imprisoned for breach of
contract - the contract neglect supposed to be caused by his engagement
with alchemy, and in 1539, harassed by legal problems related to the
non-fulfilled contract, he fled to Casalmaggiore. (Mannerism)
*Fontanellato was a fortress in Parma, Italy, the
development of Fontanellato was owed to the Sanvitale
family. "The Hall of Diana and Acteon"
was frescoed for Paola
Gonzaga and Galeazzo Sanvitale in
1524 by Parmigianino - the
mythological
tale was taken from Ovid's Metamorphoses vol III.
One of Parmigianino's
most famous paintings is "The Madonna with the Long
Neck".
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Parmigianino
and "Madonna with the long neck", 1534-40, Galleria degli Uffizi in
Florence |
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Detail
"Madonna with the long neck", 1534-40, Galleria degli Uffizi in
Florence |
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"Young
Woman", aka "The Turkish
Slave" (referring to the turban-like headgear)
ca. 1532, National Gallery,
Parma,
Italy
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Pedersen,
Carl-Henning (1913-2007). Danish painter and graphic
artists. Pedersen is known for his spontaneous-abstract style with imaginative
motifs of birds, suns, horses and ships. The spontaneity is essential
for Pedersen, the thought dictates the painting, it is not
created on the basis of intellectual considerations, e.g. he does not
paint a bird, he paints his idea of a bird.
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Greatest publicity caused his apse decoration of the cathedral in Ribe (1982-87) - it caused
something of a scandal to entrust a church decoration task to an abstract
expressionistic non-religious left-winger. The artist colleagues Vilhelm
Bjerke-Petersen,
Richard Mortensen, Asger Jorn,
Ejler Bille
and Egill Jacobsen had a great influence on Pedersens's artistic development just like his
fascination for Klee,
Picasso
and Chagall
became important for his works. Carl-Henning Pedersen was born in Copenhagen, son of the concrete worker
Johannes Christian
and Ellen (née Hansen), who died when he war 10 years old. In his early
years he was engaged in political activities for the Communist Party. In
1933 he participated in a course at the International People's College
in Elsinore, Denmark, where he met the painter Else Alfelt (1910-1974),
who he married in 1934, and they became the parents of two daughters -
Alfelt's interest in art had a great influence on him, and in 1935 he
started painting, and the following year his first abstract paintings
became exhibited at the censored art exhibition, the Artists Autumn
Exhibition - the following years he has found the style, that has
characterized his work throughout his career.From 1934-39 Pedersen took part in the activities of the artist movement
Linien. In 1939 he saw the Nazi's exhibition of "Entartete Kunst"
(degenerated art) in Frankfurt in Germany. From 1941-44 he made
illustrations and wrote for the art periodical "Helhesten" (a
"helhest" was a "horse-ghost" or a "church-ghost"
- according to the legend the horse was buried while still alive when a
church was built, and the tree-legged horse-ghost appeared to people who would die soon). |
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Ribe
Cathedral, mosaic, 1982-87 |
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Ribe
Cathedral, stained glass window,
1982-87
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Ribe
Cathedral,
mural, 1982-87 |
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"Himmelhest"
("Heaven Horse")
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Danish
"Stamp Art", issued October 15, 1998. The
motifs are made for stamps by four Danish artists - the stamps
themselves are the works of art.
Mogens Andersen ("Alfa"/"Alpha"),
Per
Kirkeby ("Dansk efteraar"/"Danish Autumn"), Ejler
Bille ("Billedtegn"/"Painting idioms") and Carl-Henning
Pedersen ("Himmelhest"/"Heaven Horse").
Engraver: Arne Kühlmann (the work of Per Kirkeby).
Typography: Austin Grandjean
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From 1942-43 he was member of the artist movement "Corner and Hoestudstillingen".
In 1948 he was a co-founder of Cobra, and the same year he represented Denmark at the Venice Biennale, which he also did in 1962 together with Henry
Heerup. I 1949 Pedersen participated in the first Cobra
exhibition, "Art Expérimental" at Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam.
In 1963 he received a silver medal at the São Paulo Biennale. In 1966 a
retrospective Cobra exhibition was held at Museum Boymans van Beuningen
in Rotterdam. In 1970 he represented Denmark at the world exhibition in
Osaka, Japan. In 1973 he exhibited at "L'art Danois" at Grand Palais
in Paris. In 1974 his wife died, the following year he met the Norwegian
artist Sidsel Ramson, who he married in 1977. In 1976 the "Carl-Henning Pedersen
and Else Alfelt Museum" in Herning, Denmark was inaugurated -
Pedersen has been made honorary citizen of Herning. In 1974 he
participated in the exhibition "Cobra" in Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de
Caracas, Venezuela. In 1988 his works was exhibited in Amsterdam - "Cobra 40 jaar
later" in Nationale Stichting De Nieuwe Kerk. In 1998 the exhibition "Carl-Henning Pedersen &
Marc Chagall"
was shown at ARKEN, Museum of Modern Art in Ishoej, south of
Copenhagen.
Pedersen has participated in a vast number of exhibitions in Denmark and abroad,
and he has been awarded with many prizes during his artistic life e.g. the
Eckersberg
Medal in 1950, and in 1963 he was honoured with the Thorvaldsen
Medal, in 1958 he received a Guggenheim Prize and in 1980 the Swedish Prins
Eugén Medal.
(Cobra,
Abstract)
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Ribe
Cathedral, mosaics, 1982-87 |
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Perugino,
Pietro (1448-1523)
Matthew 16:19, Jesus gave Peter the keys
of the kingdom: "I will give to you the
keys of the Kingdom of Heaven, and whatever you loose
upon earth shall be loosed in Heaven."
(St. Peter also known as Simon and Cephas)
(Early
Renaissance) |
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Engraving
after Perugino's fresco "The
Delivery of the Keys" in The
Sistine Chapel by Corrado Mezzana.
Tibi dabo claves regni collorum (I
will give to you the keys of the Kingdom
of Heaven, (Matthew 16:19) |
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"The
Delivery of the Keys", 1482.
Fresco, the Sistine Chapel, the Vatican State |
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Perugino,
First Day Cover. The postmark shows Jesus
giving the Apostle Peter the keys to the
kingdom of Heaven.
The stamp below shows a Sistine Chapel
fresco by the Italian painter Cosimo
Rosselli (1439-1507) |
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Petersen, Robert Storm/Storm
P.
(1882-1949).
Danish self-taught cartoonist, painter, actor, writer and
book illustrator.
He
was born in Copenhagen and educated in his native home, where he
learned the butcher's trades from his father. His
expressionistic paintings got overshadowed by his more than
60.000 drawings and stories. From 1905-10 he was cartoonist
for the Danish newspaper Ekstra Bladet. In his drawings were
humour and social aspects e.g. vagabonds. Storm P. became
fascinated by American comic strips, and in 1919 he left for
the US. From 1910 until the late 1940s Storm P. thought out
a series of inventions, the so-called "Storm P.
inventions", the drawings was carried out in black and
white for the satirical magazine "Klods Hans"
(after H. C. Andersen's fairytale Clumsy Hans/Numskull Jack,
1855), his inventions were complicated construction of
everyday things e.g. a coat hanger, strings, alarm clock and
an axe which could release a simple action.
The Danish writer and priest Johannes Moellehave has written
"Thousand
flies in one swat - The Philosophy of Storm P.".
As actor Storm P. was connected to the Dagmar Theatre and
the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. In 1977 the "Storm P. Museum" in Copenhagen opened its door to the
visitors, Storm P.'s paintings, books, drawings and a
collection of pipes and walking sticks are exhibited at the
museum. |
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"Peter
and Ping", the
first Danish comic strip, 1922
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Storm
P. and "The Three Small Men",
1913 and Storm
P. Museum, Frederiksberg,
Copenhagen. |
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Storm
P.'s "Flies" about art |
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At the moment
I get my wife portrayed. |
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Oh well
- I get my hall painted. |
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From
now I will paint like Rembrandt did! |
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Yes,
but you cannot! |
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- It is
a self-portrait.
- Really - who is the painter?
- I am!
- I see - who is it supposed to be? |
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Oh woe, the
critics are the art's
mother-in-law. |
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The
painting is uninteresting - it is the name, I buy. |
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Then
he could have saved himself all this trouble! |
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- After all
what is applied art?
- As far as I know, synthetic honey! |
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So much for a Shrimp Sandwich!
- It must be Picasso! |
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"Les Demoiselles d'Avignon",
1907 The Museum of
Modern Art, New
York. Photo: Kirsten Petersen
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Picasso,
Pablo Ruiz
(1881-1973). Spanish painter, graphics artist, sculptor, ceramic artist and set designer.
Mainly Picasso had been connected with blue
and rose
periods and Cubism,
however his career covered a wide range of
art styles. To some extent his motifs were
recognizable whether
the style were Classicism,
Naturalism, Realism, Cubism or
Abstract-Surrealism.
Picasso was born in Málaga, Spain, his mother was Maria
Picasso López,
and his father José
Ruiz Blasco, a painter and drawing teacher. At the age at 14 Picasso begun studying at the Barcelona
School of Fine Arts.
In 1897 he was admitted at the academy of fine
arts San Fernando in |
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Madrid,
however the traditional art training was not
his cup of tea, and some years later he resigned and returned to
Barcelona, where he became one of the avant-garde artists and
intellectuals centered around the café
Els Quatre Gats,
where he in 1900 had a solo exhibition. In 1900 and 1901
he visited Paris. From 1901 he signed his works "Picasso", his
mothers maiden name.
In the period 1901-04 the dominating colour in his paintings was
blue, the motifs were outcasts, bohemians,
buskers and circus performers. In 1904 Picasso moved to Montmatre in Paris
and came in contact with e.g. Apollinaire,
Gertrude and Leo Stein and Fernande Olivier, who became his model - the same year he had begun using the rose color in his
painting, the motifs were on the whole the same as in the blue period. In
1907 he painted "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon",
this work ushered in cubism. He met the artist Georges
Braque,
and influenced by Cézanne and his simple forms,
they developed Cubism. In 1916 Picasso designed costumes and made set design for
"Parade" performed in Italy by the Russian ballet, the following
year
he met the Russian ballet dancer Olga
Kokhlova, they got married in 1918 and she gave birth to their
son Paolo.
In 1921 he spent the summer in Fontainebleau making cubist
paintings and monumental classical paintings of voluminous women. In 1925 he took part
in the first Surrealist exhibition. In 1927 he met Marie-Thérèse
Walter, he portrayed her and she gave birth to their daughter Maya, and
Picasso left Olga. In 1936 the photographer Dora
Maar came into his life.
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"Self-Portrait
with a Palette", 1906, Philadelphia
Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA
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Le
musée de l'Orangerie, Paris Photo:
Kirsten Petersen |
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"Child
with Dove" 1901, National
Gallery, London
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"Paulo
as Harlequin", 1924. Musée
Picasso, Paris |
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Manach",
1901, The National Gallery of Art,
Washington D.C. |
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Picasso was commissioned by the Spanish government to
create a work for the Spanish Pavilion at the Paris International
Exposition of 1937. In the spring of 1937, during the
Spanish Civil War (1936-39, followed by the dictatorship of
Franco), the Basque city of Guernica was aerial
attacked by the German squadron Legion Condor, a unit of
Nazi Germany's air force which was sent as volunteers to
support the Nationalists (Franco) in the Spanish Civil War.
The Bombing of Guernica made
a great impression on Picasso, and he described the sufferings and his
view of
the Spanish dictatorship in his painting "Guernica".
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"Guernica",
1937,
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
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In 1944 he became a member of the French Communist Party. After the
war till the mid 1950s he mainly lived in Vallauris
in the South of France, executing ceramic works - in 1949 he acquired the
Fournas workshops. Picasso's mistress Francoise
Gilot gave birth to Claude and Paloma.
In 1955 Picasso moved to Cannes and in 1961 he married Jacqueline Roque.
In 1958 he bought the country mansion Vauvenargues - he was buried in
the park. (Cubism)
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